Rotation control mechanism for drills



Jan. 31, 1933. LL 1,895,860

.ROTATION CONTROL MECHANISM FOR DRILLS Filed July 193,0 vs eets sheet 1.

1 JNVENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

Jan. 31, 1933. NELL 1,895,860

ROTATION CONTROL MECHANISM FOR DRILLS Filed July 16. 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR; Gqsfave M Ale/l A TTORNE Y.

Patented Jan. 31, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENToFI-"icE I eUs'rAvE M. NELL, or. DETROIT, MICnr AnAssIeNoR TO CHICAGO rNEUMArr roof.

COMPANY, or NEW YORK,1\T. Y., A CORPORATION on NEW JERSEY rotated stopers which have power means, such ROTATION Common, MECHAN SM non DB-ILLS, I

Applicationfiled July 16, 1930. Y Serial No. 468,308;

This invention relates to fluid pressure tools and machines and more particularly to those of the percussive type equipped with rotation mechanism and used for rock drillingand similar operations. Ithas special applica tion to machines of the type known as selfas fluid pressure feed legs, for advancing the percussive motor to the work and mechanism for rotating the drillsteel during the drilling operation. V

It is a well known fact that difficulties are experienced in hole starting with machines of the latter type because thepower feed;

forces the drill.v bit against the rock and the rotation of the bit by the rotation mechanism causes the machine as a whole to crawl. in a' circle. Under these circumstances the machine is hard to hold and dangerous to the operatorif it gets out of his grasp. 7 Another serious situation develops when the drill steel becomes stuck and the operator cannot shut off the throttle in time to prevent the machine from getting out of control. If he re leases the-control handle the machine as -a whole-revolves around the stationary drill steel winding up the air hose. This is likely to upsetthe operator and when the hoseis torn loose the machine will collapse suddenly and may fall upon him.

' One object of the invention is to give the operator better control over machines of the described type. Another object is to provide a conveniently operatedarrangement for engaging and disengaging the rotation train so; that the latter is at all times under immediate.

control of the operators Another object is to cause the rotation train to disengage automatically when the machine gets out of control. Other objects will be apparent from the detailed description which follows.

In order. to illustrate the invention one concrete embodiment thereof is shown in .the accompanying drawings in which: i

Fig.1 is a fragmentary sectional View of the central portion ofa fiuidpressure stoping drill;

1 Fig. 2 is a transverse sectionalv'iew somewhat diagraminatic in arrangement substantially on the line 2-"20fF1g, 1; and

I. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. 1 but showing-certain of the parts. in different positions.

The embodimentv ofthe invention for the; purposeof illustration comprises a tionalastoitsiessential parts and general chosen i fluid pressure stoping drill which is convenf arrangement: It has a fluidlpressuregper-fl cussive motor, which, so faras illustrated,

comprises acylinder 4c inwhich reciprocates a hammer piston --5 and includes rotation v mechanism, apart of the rotation train com-j' prising rifle bar 61,l1aving ahead 6a inwhich are mounted pawls7. for cooperation with a 651 ratchet ring 8, certain' detailsof whichwill be more fully describedhereinafter.

" The percussive motor andthe working tool or drill steel '(notshown) supportedthereb is advanced to the work by conventional feed mgmeanssuch as a' feed leg motor having a cylinderj9 with apiston 10-therein and a feed leg extension 10a projecting therefrom; I Thefeed motormay. be secured to the percussive motor in any suitable or desired manner as by clamping; bolts 11 having heads 11a at one end and nuts llbat' the other.- A control handle 12, having a grip portion 12a, extends from one'side of back head 13ai -d admission and distribution of pressurefluidjto both the." percussive motor and the feedlegfrom inlet connection 14.. (Fig. 2) is under the control of a throttle valve 15 of any suitableordesired type having an operating handle 15a.

Aside from certain features relating to the control ofthe rotation train,;which will now be given attention, the percussive motor and the power feed and their assemblymay be of" any conventional-or known arrangement. In

order to enable the operator to spotl or start holes with accuracy, ease, and safety, andin order to control the-drilling machine in; the

ing rifle bar hea dftia in.engagement with 1 a closure or cylinder ring.

17 in which the rifle a bar has a bearing. gHolding member lfiirnay V back head 13: on its outside; The rear end of f theratchet'ring has an annularmember 8c riveted orotherwise securedthereto to form apiston headwhich'is slidable in the annular" chamber surrounding holding member 16.; Outside cup washers 8d are provided to form I so if desired, serve to mount a fluid tube 18 extending axially through the percussive motor for hole cleaning purposes. Ratchet ring 8 telescopingly engages rifle bar head 6a andv ward position. When in the latter position the forward end of ratchet ring 8projects intoan -annular recess 17a in cylinder ring 17. Ratchet ring 8 'h as 'a bearing fit with an air tight seal on the outer periphery; of the piston and U-Washers 8e prevent air leakage at the inner periphery. The position of ratchet ring 8 is controlled by pressure fluid. admitted to opposite ends of the piston cham-, ber surrounding" holding member 16, by avalve 19 operated by 'arod 20 extending with in control handle 12' and arranged to be actuated by alever 21'pivota11y mounted at'21a in the grip portion 12a. 7 'In the position of the parts shown in Fig.

1, pressure fluid entering through inlet 14 (Fig. 2) is admitted beneath piston head 8c by passage 22 (Fig. 2 valve port '23, and

thence by passage 24 (Fig. 1). At the same timelthe opposite side of piston 80 is vented to. atmosphere through passage 25 and at mospheric port 26. This is the normal positi-on of the, partsinasmuch as a spring 27 1 yieldingly maintains valve 19 in the position shown. With the ring in its advanced position splines "Sb'and 13a--are disengaged so that ratche't ring 8 is relatively free to revolve since it"now-has only frictionalengagement with the'stationary parts of themachine, such as back head 13 and "ratchet ring 17. If desired, the port'sfcontrolling the admission of pressure fluid to the piston gchainber for piston-8c may be so p'ropor tioned as to vary the-relative pressures on the-opposite sides of the piston soas to proi 7-4 of thelpercussive motor in normal running duce. any desired frictional engagement of ratchet ring Sfwith cylinder ring 17 In theff-orm shown it is desirable to provide atmospheric porting forwardly of piston because leakage of pressure along the bearing for rifle'ba-rfi from the rear end of cylinder would tend to build up pressure, particularly when the parts become worn. In thev position shown the reciprocations' of piston 5 of the percussive motor will oscillate rifle bar 6, and pawls 7 will rotate ratchet ring 8 so that the only torque on the rotation train will be that due to friction.

'VVhen the operator desires to engage the rotation train, he slips his fingersover lever 21 and drawsit to the position shown in Fig. 3, thereby forcing valve 19- to the left against spring 27. This reverses the porting arrangement so that pressure fluid now flows from live air port 23 through passage 25 to the other side of piston '80 movingthe latter rearwardly. At the same time the Valve opens the rearward end of the piston chamher to atmosphere through passage 24 and atmospheric port 28. With ratchet ring 8 in its rearward position, splines 8?) and 13a will be in engagement and since, the ring then cannot turn, therotation train will cause the working'tool or drill steel to rotate in the usual'way. 3011 release of control lever-21 spring 27 will restore the parts 'toj'the' positions shown in Fig. 1 and the rotation train will be disengaged-thuseliminating danger to'the operator in the case of a stuck steel," Thisis also an"important feature when'the drilling machine is not in use for sometime since, if the parts rust, they willbe left in the safety position. A small port 29 (Fig; 2) may be provided to maintain pressure on the left end of the valve to augment the pressure onspring 27 for holding valve 19 in "the safe position. The opposite end offt'he valve is open at all times to atmosphereby port 30. V Inasmuch asa spacing and holding member 16 for rifle bar 6 is provided to retain I the latter in place and to form a piston chamber for piston head 80 ofthe'ratchet ring 8, means must be provided to prevent;

pawls"? from interfering'with the movement of piston'head 80. Thisis accomplished by closing the lower ends of the bores in which the pivot endsof pawls7 are received: By

preference'the stop means in rifle barhead 6a are integral with. the-head and efl'ected by terminating the pivot bores somewhat short of the full depth of the head. 1 V

From 'the' above it will'be apparent that the present invention provides fluid pressure. 7

means under convenient contr ol ofthe op; eratonas on the control handle, forengag'ing and disengaging the rotation train, that-normally 'thepar-ts are maintained in the safety position shown iuFig; 1 and automatically return thereto whenever control lever 21'is released by the operator, and that the I back" head structureinvolves novelforms'of rifle bar, ratchet ring, "and holding member for the rifle bar, the l'atter'providin'g' the piston chamber which is utilized in 'controlling the enga ratchet ring.

-While'the invention has been iherein its:

closed in what'is nowfconsidered. to befla preferred form, it is'to understoodthat ging and disengaging positions of the,v

the invention is not limited to the specific detailsthereof but covers all changes, modifications, and adaptations within the scope of the appended'claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A percussive drill having a rotating train for the working toolincluding a pawl member and a ratchet member, said ratchet member being movable axially and rotatably, and means for locking said member against rotation in one position of axial adjustment.

2. A percussive drill having, a rotating train for the working tool including a pawl member and a ratchet member, said ratchet member being movable axially and rotatably, means for locking said member against rotation in one position of axial adjustment, and fluid pressure operated means for axially moving said ratchet member.

3. A percussive drill having a rotating train for the working tool including a pawl member and a ratchet member, said ratchet member being movable axially and rotatably, a control handle on said drill, means for locking said ratchet member against rotation in one position of axial adjustment, and means operable from said handle for axially moving said ratchet member.

4. A hammer motor for drilling rock having a rotation train for the working tool inp eluding a rifle bar and a ratchet member, the cooperating portions of said bar and member being disposed in a chamber permitting axial movement of the same, means for moving said member longitudinally relative to said bar, means for locking said member against rotation in one position, and means for preventing longitudinal displacement of said rifle bar without interfering with the movement of said member. 7

5. A fluid pressure percussive machine having rotation mechanism including a ratchet ring and having a chamber in which said ratchet ring is movable, cooperating locking means on said ring and on the walls of said chamber for engagement in one position of said ring to key the latter to said machine, and means for moving said ring into and out of locking engagement with said machine. i I

6. A fluid pressure percussive machine hav ing rotation mechanism including a ratchet ring to said machine, and fluid pressure means for moving said ring into and out of V said position including a piston head on the latter.

7. A fluid pressure percussive machine having rotation mechanism including a ratchet ring and having achamber in which said ratchet ring is movable, cooperatinglocking means-on said ring andonthe walls of said a chamber for engagement in one-position of said ring to lock the latter' to said machine, fluid pressure means for moving said ring into and out of locking engagement with said machine, and manual means for controlling said fluid pressuremeans; l

8. A fluid pressure percussive machine.

havinga rotation train including a rifle bar having pawls and-a ratchet ring engagedvby said pawls, a holding member engaging the pawl end of said bar to retain it in place'and providing an annular chamber, saidratchet "ring being in telescoping engagement with the 'pawl end of said bar andhaving apiston head secured thereto and reciprocable in said pivot bores for mountingp-awls thereon, said j bar having means closing the topof-"said bores to provide a positive stop forwsaid awls. 1 7 10. In rotation mechanism for rock drills, a ratchet ring having ratchet teeth on its 1nteri'or, lock teeth on its exterior, and a piston head at one end.

11. In rotation mechanism forrock drills,

a ratchetring having ratchet teeth onfits in-v terior, and an annular piston head secured thereto with packing means onfitsouter and f inner peripheries. I l V n l I 12. In rotation mechanism forrockadrills, a ratchet ring having ratchet teeth onzits interior and an extension providing a piston head.w i .11]. 13. A hammer motor 'for'drilling rockhav ing a rotationtrain for the workingtool including ariflejbar and airatchet member, the cooperating portions of said bar and member being disposed in a chamber permitting axial movement of the same, means for moving said member long tudinally relative to said bar, means for locking said member against 7 rotation in one-position,andmeans for preventing longitudinal displacement of said rifle bar without interfering with the movement of said member, said lastjnamed means serving to guide said moving-means 14. A hammer motor for drilling rock hav- 1 ing a rotation train forthe working tool in cluding a rifle bar and a ratchetlm'ember, the 1 cooperating portionsot said bar and member being disposed in a chamberpermittingaxial movementof the same, fluid pressurexmean's including a piston "head on said member :forf moving the latter longitudinally relative to I said-bar, means engaged by said member'in including a rifle bar and a ratchet member,

the cooperating portions of-said bar and 7 member being disposed'inva chamber permit tingaxial movement ofthe same, fluid pressure means including a piston head on said member for moving the latter longitudinally relative to said bar, said piston head having a bore therethrough, means'engaged by said member-in one position for locking it against rotation; and a member extending through the bore of said piston headwith a sliding fit forholdingsaid'rifle'bar against longitudinal move-ment V J 16. A fluid "pressure percussive; 1nachine hiavin'grotation mechanism' including a 19. A fluid pressure percussivedrillhaving a rotation train including a ratchet ring; locking projections onthe exter or of sa d r ng,

said drill having cooperating projections for engagement by the projections on said ring releasably to hold the latterzagainst rotation,

andnieans for moving said ringto engage or j disengage its PIOJGCtlQIlS with the said pro jections onjthe drill.

Signed by me at Detroit, in the county of of J uly, 1930.7

'75 Wayne and State of Michigan, this 12th day GUsir vii M; NELLQ ratchet'ring andhaving a chamber in which a i said ratchet ring .is movable, cooperating lockingmeanson-said ring and on- -the'walls ofsaid chamber for engagement in-one position ofsaid'ring to loc-kthe latter to said machine, fluid pressure means including a pis:

ton head on said ring for moving the latter into and out of locking engagement with said machine, and manual means for controlling l said fluid pressure means. e

:17." Avfiuidv pressure percussive machine having rotation mechanism. including a ratchet ring and having a chamber in which said ratchet ring is movable,- cooperating lockingme'anson said ring and; on the Walls ofsaidchamber for engagement in one posi,-. tion of said ring to lock the latter to said ma.-

chine, fluid pressure means including a pi's r tonhead on saidvring for moving the latter into-and outlof locking engagement With said machine, a supporting handle on the machine,and an operating member on saidhandie for manually:c-ontrolling saidfluid pressure means. 1 1

'18. "A fluid pressure percussive machine having a rotation train includ nga rifle bar having'pawls anda ratchet ring engaged by said pawls; a holding member engag ng the pawl end of said bar to retain it in place and providing van annular chamber, said ratchet ring being intelescoping engagement with the pawl end of-said'barand having a piston head securedthereto and reciprocable in said member, cooperating locking means on said ring and on said machine for engagement in.

' lone-position. of-s'aidfring and fordisengagementin another position, said ring having ratchet teeth engaged by said pawls in all'poj' sitionsof said ring, fluid pressureoperated means for moving and holding said-ring in eithergposition, a; holding handle on said niachine, and a manually operable member on said handle for controlling said fluid pres- 'surelmeans r L i I 

